30:T67d,# Mapping the representation of sex/gender and gender-based needs in public opinion surveys (WP3) This notebook presents results of a quantitative content analysis that mapped the representation of sex/gender concepts and issues in 914 large‐scale political and sociological survey questionnaires fielded cross‐nationally in Europe and in six European countries (Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Switzerland and the UK) between 2000‐2023. Using a dictionary of key words, research teams in each country identified behavioural or attitudinal questions that reference sex/gender or gender-related issues. The collected survey questions were analysed using quantitative content analysis, based on the [Typology of Gender Based Needs](https://observablehq.com/@untwist/wp1) developed by Ann-Kathrin Rothermel, Valentina Nerino, Leandra Bias, and Michèle Amacker at the University of Bern. Our coding protocol comprises two domains: (**1) Gender concepts** captures the central lens through which gender-based issues and needs are framed in the survey question, **(2) Policy themes/issues** captures references to specific gender-based issues and policy areas. For more detailed information about the data collection, unit of analysis, and coding domains, see the [Codebook](https://observablehq.com/d/a4c55eda5f931470). **NB.** _As part of the UNTWIST project, we also coded the Solutions presented to address gender-based issues/needs in survey questions. However, due to the sparsity of this data, we do not include it in this notebook. If you are interested in learning more about the Solutions coding, please contact the authors for further information._31:T857,Plot.plot({ width: 1000, height: 500, x: { label: null, tickFormat: d3.format("d") }, y: { tickFormat: "s", tickSpacing: 50, grid: true }, color: { legend: false, label: typeBarPlot, domain: domainBarLinePlots, range: rangeBarLinePlots }, marks: [ plotType === "Barplot" ? Plot.barY( getBarLinePlotsData( data, typeBarPlot, filteredPlotCountry, typesFilter ), { x: (obj) => parseInt(obj.year), y: "count", fill: "type", sort: "year", title: (d) => `${d.type} \n count: ${d.count}` } ) : Plot.lineY( getBarLinePlotsData( data, typeBarPlot, filteredPlotCountry, typesFilter ), { x: "year", y: "count", stroke: "type", strokeWidth: 2.5 } ), plotType === "Barplot" ? Plot.text( getBarLinePlotsData( data, typeBarPlot, filteredPlotCountry, typesFilter ).reduce((result, item) => { const existingItem = result.find( (entry) => entry.year === item.year ); if (existingItem) { existingItem.count = existingItem.count + item.count; } else { result.push({ year: item.year, count: item.count }); } return result; }, []), { x: (obj) => parseInt(obj.year), y: "count", text: "count", dy: -6, lineAnchor: "bottom" } ) : Plot.circle( getBarLinePlotsData( data, typeBarPlot, filteredPlotCountry, typesFilter ), { x: "year", fill: "type", y: "count", r: 4.5, title: (d) => `${d.type} \n count: ${d.count}` } ) ], tooltip: { stroke: "black" } })32:Ted3,heatmap = { const margin = { top: 0, left: 200, right: 20, bottom: 375 }; const height = 250; const minRadius = 5; const maxRadius = 20; const heatmapData = getHeatMapData( data, levelSelected.value, filteredHeatMapCountry ); var maxValue = heatmapData.reduce( (maxValue, obj) => Math.max(maxValue, obj.value), -Infinity ); const x_scale = d3 .scalePoint() .domain(sortAxisLabels(getLabels(true, levelSelected.value))) .range([0, width]) .padding(0.5); const y_scale = d3 .scalePoint() .domain(sortAxisLabels(getLabels(false, levelSelected.value)).reverse()) // ---------- Change .range([height, 0]) .padding(0.5); const color_scale = d3.scaleLinear( [0, maxValue / 2, maxValue], continious_color_scheme_1 ); const valRange = [0, maxValue]; const values = [...Array(9).keys()].map((x) => d3.quantile(valRange, x * 0.1) ); const linearScale = d3.scaleLinear().domain(values).range(valRange); linearScale.nice(); const LegendValues = linearScale.ticks(5).map((value) => Math.round(value)); const svg = d3.select(DOM.svg(width + margin.left, height)); const g = svg .attr("width", width) .attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom) .append("g") .attr( "transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + -margin.bottom / 2 + " )" ); g.append("g") .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")") .call(d3.axisBottom(x_scale)) .selectAll("text") .attr("transform", "rotate(-90)") .attr("text-anchor", "end") .attr("dy", "-0.5em") .attr("dx", "-0.5em") .style("font-size", "14px"); g.append("text") .attr("x", width / 2) .attr("y", height + margin.bottom) .style("text-anchor", "middle") .style("font-size", "16px") .text("Theme"); g.append("g") .call(d3.axisLeft(y_scale)) .style("font-size", "14px") .selectAll("text"); g.append("text") .attr("transform", "rotate(-90)") .attr("x", -height / 2) .attr("y", -margin.left + 20) .style("text-anchor", "middle") .style("font-size", "16px") .text("Gender Concepts"); const tip = d3tip() .attr("class", "d3-tip") .style("background-color", "black") .style("color", "white") .style("padding", "10px") .style("width", "auto") .style("text-align", "center") .style("font-size", "12px") .html( (d) => `${d.genderConcept} & ${d.theme}
Num of questions: ${d.value}` ); svg.call(tip); svg .selectAll() .data(heatmapData) .enter() .append("circle") .attr("cx", (d) => x_scale(d.theme) + margin.left) .attr("cy", (d) => y_scale(d.genderConcept) - margin.bottom / 2) .attr("r", (d) => { const scaledRadius = (d.value / maxValue) * (maxRadius - minRadius) + minRadius; return Math.min(maxRadius, scaledRadius); }) .attr("fill", (d) => color_scale(d.value)) .on("mouseover", tip.show) .on("mouseout", tip.hide); const legend = svg .append("g") .attr("transform", (d) => `translate(${margin.left}, 125)`); legend .selectAll("circle") .data(LegendValues) .enter() .append("circle") .attr("cx", (d, i) => 43 * i - 180) .attr("cy", height - 2 * 20 + 25) .attr("r", (d) => { const scaledRadius = (d / maxValue) * (maxRadius - minRadius) + minRadius; return Math.min(maxRadius, scaledRadius); }) .style("fill", (d) => color_scale(d)); legend .selectAll("text") .data(LegendValues) .enter() .append("text") .text((d) => d) .attr("x", (d, i) => 40 * i - 190) .attr("y", height - 10 / 2 + 30) .style("font-size", "12pt") .style("font-family", "Consolas, courier") .style("fill", "#aaa"); return svg.node(); }33:T1e1a,function MultiSelectImpl(data, config = {}) { const elemNative = html`

`; const elem = d3 .select(elemNative) .select("select") .style("width", "300px") .property("multiple", "true"); let choice = null; setTimeout(() => { choice = new Choices(elem.node(), { allowHTML: true, placeholder: true, placeholderValue: "Choose values", delimiter: ",", editItems: true, removeItemButton: true, duplicateItemsAllowed: false, ...config }); const values = choice.getValue().map((d) => d.value); elemNative.value = values; elemNative.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("input")); }); const node = elem.node(); elem.on("change", function (e) { const values = choice.getValue().map((d) => d.value); elemNative.value = values; elemNative.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("input")); }); return elemNative; }34:[] 2e:{"title":"Mapping the representation of sex/gender and gender-based needs in public opinion surveys (WP3)","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"$30","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":40,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":47,"value":"toc({\n title: \"Index\",\n headers: \"h2\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":45,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":64,"value":"## General overview of the database","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":952,"value":"### Explore the frequency of Gender Concepts and Policy Themes/issues.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":748,"value":"Use the filters to view either the international data or national data from each of the six countries.\n\n⚠ _The unit of analysis is the ‘coding unit’ which may either be the entire survey question or single response option. See the codebook for full details._","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1031,"value":"viewof plotType = Inputs.radio([\"Linechart\", \"Barplot\"], {\n value: \"Barplot\",\n label: \"Plot type\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":649,"value":"{\n const input = html``;\n const toggle = html`\n International\n ${Inputs.bind(input, viewof nationalView)}\n \n National\n `;\n return toggle;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":779,"value":"viewof typeBarPlot = Inputs.radio([\"country\", \"themes\", \"gender_concepts\"], {\n value: \"country\",\n label: \"Type\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":802,"value":"viewof filteredPlotCountry = {\n if (nationalView && typeBarPlot !== \"country\") {\n return Inputs.select([null].concat(countries), {\n value: null,\n label: \"Select a country\"\n });\n } else {\n const emptyElement = html``;\n Object.defineProperty(emptyElement, \"value\", { value: null });\n return emptyElement;\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1043,"value":"viewof typesFilter = {\n if (nationalView || (!nationalView && typeBarPlot !== \"country\")) {\n return filterLegend(domainBarLinePlots, rangeBarLinePlots);\n } else {\n const emptyElement = html``;\n Object.defineProperty(emptyElement, \"value\", { value: null });\n return emptyElement;\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":155,"value":"$31","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":62,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":73,"value":"## Explore sublevel data","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":961,"value":"### Explore the co-occurrence between Gender Concepts and Policy Themes/issues","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":964,"value":"Explore the co-occurrence of Gender Concepts with Policy Themes/issues, both at the main level and across three sub-levels. \n\nUse the filters to view either the international data or national data from each of the six countries.\n\n⚠ _The unit of analysis is the ‘coding unit’ which may either be the entire survey question or single response option. See the codebook for full details._\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":663,"value":"{\n const input = html``;\n const toggle = html`\n International\n ${Inputs.bind(input, viewof nationalView)}\n \n National\n `;\n return toggle;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":285,"value":"viewof levelSelected = Inputs.select(\n [\n { name: \"Level 1 subcodes\", value: 1 },\n { name: \"Level 2 subcodes\", value: 2 },\n { name: \"Level 3 subcodes\", value: 3 }\n ],\n {\n label: \"Select a level\",\n format: (x) => x.name\n }\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":807,"value":"viewof filteredHeatMapCountry = {\n if (nationalView) {\n return Inputs.select([null].concat(countries), {\n value: null,\n label: \"Select a country\"\n });\n } else {\n const emptyElement = html``;\n Object.defineProperty(emptyElement, \"value\", { value: null });\n return emptyElement; \n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":233,"value":"$32","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":69,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":91,"value":"## Question finder","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":768,"value":"Use the Question Finder to search for specific coding units from international or national surveys. You can filter by coding domains or search using specific words within questions or metadata (e.g., year). Matching survey coding units will appear below. Browse through by clicking on the buttons","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":739,"value":"{\n const input = html``;\n const toggle = html`\n International\n ${Inputs.bind(input, viewof nationalView)}\n \n National\n `;\n return toggle;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":593,"value":"viewof questionsResult = Inputs.search(data, { placeholder: \"Search...\" })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":597,"value":"*Each selection in the multiselect acts as a filter. When users choose specific topics and genre concepts, the system automatically filters the data and presents only the questions related to those selections.*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":595,"value":"viewof selected = MultiSelectImpl(columnNames)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":599,"value":"viewof selection = Inputs.table(selectedRows, {\n columns: [\"id\", \"country\", \"year\", \"question\", \"gender_concepts\", \"themes\"],\n header: {\n id: \"ID\",\n country: \"Country\",\n year: \"Year\",\n question: \"Question\",\n gender_concepts: \"Gender Concepts\",\n themes: \"Themes\"\n },\n format: {\n year: d3.format(\"d\")\n },\n required: false\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":706,"value":"buttonsHTML = {\n if (getRange().length > 0) {\n return html`\n

\n ${buttonPrev} ${buttonNext} \n \n ${(questionIndex + 1).toString() + \"/\" + getRange().length.toString()}\n \n

\n `;\n }\n return html`0/0`;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":685,"value":"questionSelected = finderUpdateSearchAndDescription(\n questionsResult,\n selection.length === 0 ? selectedRows : selection,\n getIndex(questionIndex)\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":89,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":34,"value":"notebookSectionAuthors([\"Louise Luxton\", \"Rosalind Shorrocks\"], null, [\n \"Valentina Nerino\",\n \"Ann-Kathrin Rothermel\",\n \"Valeria Pisani\",\n \"Luna Kaminsky\",\n \"Katrine Ploug Peterson\",\n \"Mariana Sendra\",\n \"Katalin Tardos\"\n])","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":37,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":31,"value":"notebookSectionCite(\n \"UntwistSurveysOverview\",\n \"Mapping the representation of sex/gender and gender-based needs in public opinion surveys\",\n \"UNTWIST Project\",\n \"Tool to overview and search the different papers analysed for the EU Untwist project\",\n \"https://observablehq.com/@untwist/wp3\",\n 2024,\n \"en\"\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":7,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":28,"value":"notebookSectionHowToExport()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":16,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":25,"value":"notebookSectionLicense()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":14,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":22,"value":"notebookSectionFundingDisclaimer()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":12,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":19,"value":"notebookSectionContactUs()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":11,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":997,"value":"notebookSectionExploreWP()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":995,"value":"notebookSectionDivider()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":57,"value":"## Data acquisition and functionality","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":95,"value":"html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":645,"value":"viewof nationalView = Inputs.input(0)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":118,"value":"data = getGeneralData(nationalView)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1064,"value":"### BarPlot / Line Plot\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1066,"value":"rangeBarLinePlots = typeBarPlot === \"themes\" ||\ntypeBarPlot === \"gender_concepts\"\n ? typeBarPlot === \"themes\"\n ? themes.map((o, i) =>\n o.level === \"Other\"\n ? \"#1E5F8C\" // Specific color for \"Other\"\n : categorical_color_scheme[i]\n )\n : genderConcepts.map((o, i) =>\n o.level === \"Other\"\n ? \"#1E5F8C\" // Specific color for \"Other\"\n : categorical_color_scheme_countries[i]\n )\n : categorical_color_scheme_countries","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1073,"value":"domainBarLinePlots = typeBarPlot === \"themes\"\n ? themes.map((o) => o.level)\n : typeBarPlot === \"gender_concepts\"\n ? genderConcepts.map((o) => o.level)\n : nationalView\n ? countries\n : [\"International\"]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":742,"value":"### Finder","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":687,"value":"mutable questionIndex = 0","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":693,"value":"function getRange() {\n var length = selection.length !== 0 ? selection.length : selectedRows.length;\n return Array.from({ length: length }, (_, index) => index);\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":699,"value":"function getIndex(questionIndex) {\n var range = getRange();\n if (range.find((id) => questionIndex === id) === undefined) {\n if (range.length < questionIndex) {\n mutable questionIndex = range[0];\n }\n }\n return questionIndex;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":696,"value":"function updateQuestionIndex(sum) {\n var range = getRange();\n if (range.find((id) => questionIndex + sum === id) === undefined) {\n if (range.length < questionIndex) {\n mutable questionIndex = range[0];\n }\n } else mutable questionIndex = questionIndex + sum;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":591,"value":"rows = questionsResult.map((item) => {\n return {\n id: item.id,\n ...item\n };\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":601,"value":"columnNames = getLabels(false, 2).concat(getLabels(true, 2))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":603,"value":"columnsSelected = {\n const allOptions = columnNames.slice(1);\n\n if (selected.includes(\"Seleccionar Todos\")) {\n // més d'un valor seleccionat\n if (selected.length > 1) {\n //si es selecciona un altre valor, eliminar el \"Seleccionar Todos\"\n if (selected.indexOf(\"Seleccionar Todos\") !== selected.length - 1) {\n selected.splice(selected.indexOf(\"Seleccionar Todos\"), 1);\n return selected;\n }\n\n selected.length = 0;\n Array.prototype.push.apply(selected, allOptions);\n return selected;\n } else {\n selected.length = 0;\n Array.prototype.push.apply(selected, allOptions);\n return selected;\n }\n } else if (selected.length === 0) {\n selected.length = 0;\n Array.prototype.push.apply(selected, allOptions);\n return selected;\n }\n\n return selected;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":606,"value":"selectedRows = {\n const filteredRows =\n columnsSelected.length === columnNames.length - 1\n ? rows\n : rows.filter((row) => {\n const codes = getAllPaths(row.themes, 2, \"T\").concat(\n getAllPaths(row.gender_concepts, 2, \"GC\")\n );\n return columnsSelected.every((selected) => {\n return codes.some((code) => code.includes(selected));\n });\n });\n\n return filteredRows.map((row) => {\n const flattenedThemes = flattenThemes(row.themes);\n const flattenedGenderConcepts = flattenThemes(row.gender_concepts);\n const flattenedSolutions = flattenThemes(row.solutions);\n\n return {\n ...row,\n themes: flattenedThemes,\n gender_concepts: flattenedGenderConcepts,\n solutions: flattenedSolutions\n };\n });\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":608,"value":"$33","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":689,"value":"buttonNext = {\n const button = html`\n `;\n // button.onclick = () => a.push(mutable x++);\n button.onclick = () => {\n updateQuestionIndex(1);\n };\n return button;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":691,"value":"buttonPrev = {\n const button = html`\n `;\n // button.onclick = () => a.push(mutable x++);\n button.onclick = () => {\n updateQuestionIndex(-1);\n };\n return button;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":53,"value":"### Imports","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":235,"value":"d3tip = require(\"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3-tip/0.9.1/d3-tip.js\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":238,"value":"d3 = require(\"https://d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":610,"value":"Choices = require(\"choices.js\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":612,"value":"import { MultiSelect } from \"@bumbeishvili/utils\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":49,"value":"import { toc } from \"@nebrius/indented-toc\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":192,"value":"import { Plot } from \"@mkfreeman/plot-tooltip\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":77,"value":"import {\n getGeneralData,\n getBarLinePlotsData,\n filterLegend,\n getHeatMapData,\n getLabels,\n getAllPaths,\n flattenThemes,\n finderUpdateSearchAndDescription,\n countries,\n themes,\n genderConcepts,\n sortAxisLabels\n} from \"@untwist/wp3-backend\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":86,"value":"import {\n categorical_color_scheme,\n categorical_color_scheme_countries,\n continious_color_scheme_1,\n continious_color_scheme_2,\n continious_color_scheme_3\n} from \"@untwist/project-color-schemes\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":5,"value":"import {\n notebookSectionDivider,\n notebookSectionContactUs,\n notebookSectionFundingDisclaimer,\n notebookSectionLicense,\n notebookSectionHowToExport,\n notebookSectionCite,\n notebookSectionAuthors,\n notebookSectionExploreWP\n} from \"@untwist/section-blocks\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"}],"files":"$W34","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}